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United States Senate elections, 2024
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November 5, 2024 |
Elections to the U.S. Senate will be held on November 5, 2024, and 33 of the 100 seats are up for regular election. Special elections may be held to fill vacancies that occur in the 118th Congress.
Of the 33 regularly scheduled elections in 2024, 21 seats were held by Democrats and 10 seats were held by Republicans as of July 2020.
Those elected to the U.S. Senate in the 33 regular elections on November 5, 2024, will begin their six-year terms on January 3, 2025.
Click here for coverage of U.S. Senate elections in 2020.
Partisan balance
Democrats gained a net total of three seats in the 2020 Senate elections. This brought their caucus total to 50, including two independents who caucus with Democrats. Republicans held the other 50 seats following the elections.
The chart below shows historical partisan breakdown information for the chamber.
Seats up for election
There are 33 U.S. Senate seats up for regular election in 2024—21 seats held by Democrats and 10 held by Republicans as of July 2020.
The map below shows what seats are up for election and the current incumbent in each race.
Table last updated: July 29, 2020
| 2024 Senate elections | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Pre-election incumbent |
Year first elected | Last election margin of victory (percentage points) | |||
| Arizona |  Kyrsten Sinema |
2018 | 2.4 | |||
| California | Dianne Feinstein |
1992 | 8.4 | |||
| Connecticut | Christopher Murphy |
2012 | 20.2 | |||
| Delaware | Thomas Carper |
2000 | 22.2 | |||
| Florida |  Rick Scott |
2018 | 0.2 | |||
| Hawaii | Mazie Hirono |
2012 | 42.4 | |||
| Indiana | Mike Braun |
2018 | 5.9 | |||
| Massachusetts | Elizabeth Warren |
2012 | 24.1 | |||
| Maryland | Benjamin Cardin |
2006 | 34.6 | |||
| Maine |  Angus King |
2012 | 19.1 | |||
| Michigan | Debbie Stabenow |
2000 | 6.5 | |||
| Minnesota | Amy Klobuchar |
2006 | 24.1 | |||
| Missouri | Josh Hawley |
2018 | 5.8 | |||
| Mississippi | Roger Wicker |
2006 | 19 | |||
| Montana | Jon Tester |
2006 | 3.5 | |||
| North Dakota | Kevin Cramer |
2018 | 10.8 | |||
| Nebraska | Deb Fischer |
2012 | 19.1 | |||
| New Jersey | Robert Menendez |
2006 | 11.2 | |||
| New Mexico | Martin Heinrich |
2012 | 23.6 | |||
| Nevada | Jacky Rosen |
2018 | 5 | |||
| New York | Kirsten Gillibrand |
2008 | 64 | |||
| Ohio | Sherrod Brown |
2006 | 6.8 | |||
| Pennsylvania | Robert Casey |
2006 | 13.1 | |||
| Rhode Island | Sheldon Whitehouse |
2006 | 23.1 | |||
| Tennessee | Marsha Blackburn |
2018 | 10.8 | |||
| Texas | Ted Cruz |
2012 | 2.6 | |||
| Utah | Mitt Romney |
2018 | 31.7 | |||
| Virginia | Tim Kaine |
2012 | 16 | |||
| Vermont | Bernard Sanders |
2006 | 39.9 | |||
| Washington | Maria Cantwell |
2000 | 16.8 | |||
| Wisconsin | Tammy Baldwin |
2012 | 10.8 | |||
| West Virginia | Joe Manchin |
2010 | 3.3 | |||
| Wyoming | John Barrasso |
2006 | 36.9 | |||
Seats that changed party hands in 2018
- See also: United States Senate elections, 2018
In 2018—the last time these 33 seats were up for election—six seats changed party hands. Republicans picked up four seats and Democrats picked up two seats.
| Senate seats that changed party hands, 2018 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Pre-election incumbent | 2018 winner | Margin of victory (percentage points) | |||
| Arizona | Jeff Flake |
Kyrsten Sinema |
2.4 | |||
| Florida | Bill Nelson |
Rick Scott |
0.2 | |||
| Indiana | Joe Donnelly |
Mike Braun |
5.9 | |||
| Missouri | Claire McCaskill |
Josh Hawley |
5.8 | |||
| North Dakota | Heidi Heitkamp |
Kevin Cramer |
10.8 | |||
| Nevada | Dean Heller |
Jacky Rosen |
5 | |||
Historical comparison
Important dates and deadlines
This section will provide important dates throughout the 2024 congressional election cycle, including filing deadlines, primaries, and campaign finance reporting deadlines, when available.
Wave elections
- See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)
In a July 2018 report, Ballotpedia defined wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in the last 100 years resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party. U.S. Senate waves from 1918 to 2016 are listed in the table below.
| U.S. Senate wave elections | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | President | Party | Election type | Senate seats change | Senate majority[1] | |
| 1932 | Hoover | R | Presidential | -13 | D (flipped) | |
| 1958 | Eisenhower | R | Second midterm | -12 | D | |
| 1980 | Carter | D | Presidential | -11 | R (flipped) | |
| 1946 | Truman | D | First midterm | -10 | R (flipped) | |
| 1942 | Roosevelt | D | Third midterm | -9 | D | |
| 2014 | Obama | D | Second midterm | -9 | R (flipped) | |
| 1986 | Reagan | R | Second midterm | -8 | D (flipped) | |
| 2008 | George W. Bush | R | Presidential | -8 | D | |
| 1926 | Coolidge | R | First midterm[2] | -7 | R | |
| 1930 | Hoover | R | First midterm | -7 | R | |
See also
- United States Congress elections, 2024
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2024
- United States Congress
- United States Senate
- United States House of Representatives
- 118th United States Congress
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Denotes the party that had more seats in the U.S. Senate following the election.
- ↑ Calvin Coolidge's (R) first term began in August 1923 after the death of President Warren Harding (R), who was first elected in 1920. Before he had his first midterm in 1926, Coolidge was re-elected as president in 1924.
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